Definition of parametric equations:

• Suppose that x and y are continuous functions of a third variable t. Then x=f(t) and y=g(t) are called parametric equations for the curve represented by (x,y).

Lines in polar coordinates:
Let and  then the polar equations of the lines x=a and y=b are and  for all values of  

Parametric equations are introduced with the aid of graphical illustrations. Historic applications of parametric equations are mentioned in this tutorial so anyone who sees them for the first time can know their significance. Parametric equations are created as a pair of equations.

Polar coordinates simplified the work it takes to arrive at solutions in most precalculus problems. Conversion between Cartesian coordinates and polar coordinate is important to determine the efficiency of trigonometric solutions. The graphs pf polar coordinates depend on Cartesian coordinates and their properties.

Specific Tutorial Features:

• Several example problems with step by step illustrations of solutions.
• Tables and graphs showing the properties of polar and Cartesian coordinates.

Series Features:

• Concept map showing inter-connections of new concepts in this tutorial and those previously introduced.
• Definition slides introduce terms as they are needed.
• Visual representation of concepts
• Animated examples—worked out step by step
• A concise summary is given at the conclusion of the tutorial.